The public strongly supports methane regulations in Europe


Based on Bergquist, P., & Mahdavi, P. (2023). Examining the effect of cost information and framing on support for methane regulations in Europe. Environmental Research Letters, 18(9), 094046. DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/acf32c

Cost information and benefit framing have minimal effects on support for methane regulations on oil and gas, which remain high regardless of different messaging strategies.

The Policy Problem


Methane (CH4 ) is a short-lived but highly-potent greenhouse gas and is estimated to have contributed to one-third of all human-caused global warming relative to the pre-industrial period. Curbing methane emissions is therefore crucial to addressing the climate crisis. However, while there have been extensive studies around public opinion for climate policies generally and those that aim to reduce CO2 , we lack research around public opinion for methane policies specifically. Though another greenhouse gas, methane is distinct from CO2 because it is both a pollutant that is released from oil and gas production and an input into the energy system as natural gas, where it is frequently used for heating and cooking. This means that the public has everyday experience with methane gas and it has economic value. Health problems caused by methane pollution are also more localized than those of CO2 , including contributing to the formation of ground-level ozone. Given these distinct characteristics, what does the public think about policies that directly tackle methane pollution?

Key Findings and Proposed Solutions


  • Support for methane regulations is very high: 80%-90% of respondents support policies that restrict methane pollution from the oil and gas industry.

  • Support for methane regulations remains high and is very resistant to change in response to cost information or to framing that emphasizes climate, health, or security-related benefits of the policy.

  • The links between 'natural gas' and 'methane' appear tenuous and conditional in the public mind. Thus, the connection between local health problems and global climate changes associated with methane may also be sensitive to word choice.